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java.base / java.util
Class Objects
java.lang.Object
  java.util.Objects

public final class Objects
extends Object
This class consists of static utility methods for operating on objects, or checking certain conditions before operation. These utilities include null-safe or null-tolerant methods for computing the hash code of an object, returning a string for an object, comparing two objects, and checking if indexes or sub-range values are out of bounds.
Since:
1.7

Method Summary
static int
checkFromIndexSize(int fromIndex, int size, int length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to fromIndex + size (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).
static long
checkFromIndexSize(long fromIndex, long size, long length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to fromIndex + size (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).
static int
checkFromToIndex(int fromIndex, int toIndex, int length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to toIndex (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).
static long
checkFromToIndex(long fromIndex, long toIndex, long length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to toIndex (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).
static int
checkIndex(int index, int length)
Checks if the index is within the bounds of the range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).
static long
checkIndex(long index, long length)
Checks if the index is within the bounds of the range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).
static <T> int
compare(T a, T b, Comparator<? super T> c)
Returns 0 if the arguments are identical and c.compare(a, b) otherwise.
static boolean
Returns true if the arguments are deeply equal to each other and false otherwise.
static boolean
Returns true if the arguments are equal to each other and false otherwise.
static int
hash(Object... values)
Generates a hash code for a sequence of input values.
static int
Returns the hash code of a non-null argument and 0 for a null argument.
static boolean
Returns true if the provided reference is null otherwise returns false.
static boolean
Returns true if the provided reference is non-null otherwise returns false.
static <TT
Checks that the specified object reference is not null.
static <TT
requireNonNull(T obj, String message)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null and throws a customized NullPointerException if it is.
static <TT
requireNonNull(T obj, Supplier<String> messageSupplier)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null and throws a customized NullPointerException if it is.
static <TT
requireNonNullElse(T obj, T defaultObj)
Returns the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise returns the non-null second argument.
static <TT
requireNonNullElseGet(T obj, Supplier<? extends T> supplier)
Returns the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise returns the non-null value of supplier.get().
static String
Returns the result of calling toString for a non- null argument and "null" for a null argument.
static String
toString(Object o, String nullDefault)
Returns the result of calling toString on the first argument if the first argument is not null and returns the second argument otherwise.
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait
Method Detail
equals
public static boolean equals
(Object a,
 Object b)
Returns true if the arguments are equal to each other and false otherwise. Consequently, if both arguments are null, true is returned. Otherwise, if the first argument is not null, equality is determined by calling the equals method of the first argument with the second argument of this method. Otherwise, false is returned.
Parameters:
a - an object
b - an object to be compared with a for equality
Returns:
true if the arguments are equal to each other and false otherwise
See Also:
Object.equals(Object)

deepEquals
public static boolean deepEquals
(Object a,
 Object b)
Returns true if the arguments are deeply equal to each other and false otherwise. Two null values are deeply equal. If both arguments are arrays, the algorithm in Arrays.deepEquals is used to determine equality. Otherwise, equality is determined by using the equals method of the first argument.
Parameters:
a - an object
b - an object to be compared with a for deep equality
Returns:
true if the arguments are deeply equal to each other and false otherwise
See Also:
Arrays.deepEquals(Object[], Object[]), equals(Object, Object)

hashCode
public static int hashCode
(Object o)
Returns the hash code of a non-null argument and 0 for a null argument.
Parameters:
o - an object
Returns:
the hash code of a non-null argument and 0 for a null argument
See Also:
Object.hashCode()

hash
public static int hash
(Object... values)
Generates a hash code for a sequence of input values. The hash code is generated as if all the input values were placed into an array, and that array were hashed by calling Arrays.hashCode(Object[]).

This method is useful for implementing Object.hashCode() on objects containing multiple fields. For example, if an object that has three fields, x, y, and z, one could write:

 @Override public int hashCode() {
     return Objects.hash(x, y, z);
 }
 
Warning: When a single object reference is supplied, the returned value does not equal the hash code of that object reference. This value can be computed by calling hashCode(Object).
Parameters:
values - the values to be hashed
Returns:
a hash value of the sequence of input values
See Also:
Arrays.hashCode(Object[]), List.hashCode()

toString
public static String toString
(Object o)
Returns the result of calling toString for a non- null argument and "null" for a null argument.
Parameters:
o - an object
Returns:
the result of calling toString for a non- null argument and "null" for a null argument
See Also:
Object.toString(), String.valueOf(Object)

toString
public static String toString
(Object o,
 String nullDefault)
Returns the result of calling toString on the first argument if the first argument is not null and returns the second argument otherwise.
Parameters:
o - an object
nullDefault - string to return if the first argument is null
Returns:
the result of calling toString on the first argument if it is not null and the second argument otherwise.
See Also:
toString(Object)

compare
public static <T> int compare
(T a,
 T b,
 Comparator<? super T> c)
Returns 0 if the arguments are identical and c.compare(a, b) otherwise. Consequently, if both arguments are null 0 is returned.

Note that if one of the arguments is null, a NullPointerException may or may not be thrown depending on what ordering policy, if any, the Comparator chooses to have for null values.

Type Parameters:
T - the type of the objects being compared
Parameters:
a - an object
b - an object to be compared with a
c - the Comparator to compare the first two arguments
Returns:
0 if the arguments are identical and c.compare(a, b) otherwise.
See Also:
Comparable, Comparator

requireNonNull
public static <T> T requireNonNull
(T obj)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null. This method is designed primarily for doing parameter validation in methods and constructors, as demonstrated below:
 public Foo(Bar bar) {
     this.bar = Objects.requireNonNull(bar);
 }
 
Type Parameters:
T - the type of the reference
Parameters:
obj - the object reference to check for nullity
Returns:
obj if not null
Throws:
NullPointerException - if obj is null

requireNonNull
public static <T> T requireNonNull
(T obj,
 String message)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null and throws a customized NullPointerException if it is. This method is designed primarily for doing parameter validation in methods and constructors with multiple parameters, as demonstrated below:
 public Foo(Bar bar, Baz baz) {
     this.bar = Objects.requireNonNull(bar, "bar must not be null");
     this.baz = Objects.requireNonNull(baz, "baz must not be null");
 }
 
Type Parameters:
T - the type of the reference
Parameters:
obj - the object reference to check for nullity
message - detail message to be used in the event that a NullPointerException is thrown
Returns:
obj if not null
Throws:
NullPointerException - if obj is null

isNull
public static boolean isNull
(Object obj)
Returns true if the provided reference is null otherwise returns false.
Parameters:
obj - a reference to be checked against null
Returns:
true if the provided reference is null otherwise false
Since:
1.8
See Also:
Predicate

nonNull
public static boolean nonNull
(Object obj)
Returns true if the provided reference is non-null otherwise returns false.
Parameters:
obj - a reference to be checked against null
Returns:
true if the provided reference is non-null otherwise false
Since:
1.8
See Also:
Predicate

requireNonNullElse
public static <T> T requireNonNullElse
(T obj,
 T defaultObj)
Returns the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise returns the non-null second argument.
Type Parameters:
T - the type of the reference
Parameters:
obj - an object
defaultObj - a non-null object to return if the first argument is null
Returns:
the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise the second argument if it is non-null
Throws:
NullPointerException - if both obj is null and defaultObj is null
Since:
9

requireNonNullElseGet
public static <T> T requireNonNullElseGet
(T obj,
 Supplier<? extends T> supplier)
Returns the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise returns the non-null value of supplier.get().
Type Parameters:
T - the type of the first argument and return type
Parameters:
obj - an object
supplier - of a non-null object to return if the first argument is null
Returns:
the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise the value from supplier.get() if it is non-null
Throws:
NullPointerException - if both obj is null and either the supplier is null or the supplier.get() value is null
Since:
9

requireNonNull
public static <T> T requireNonNull
(T obj,
 Supplier<String> messageSupplier)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null and throws a customized NullPointerException if it is.

Unlike the method requireNonNull(Object, String), this method allows creation of the message to be deferred until after the null check is made. While this may confer a performance advantage in the non-null case, when deciding to call this method care should be taken that the costs of creating the message supplier are less than the cost of just creating the string message directly.

Type Parameters:
T - the type of the reference
Parameters:
obj - the object reference to check for nullity
messageSupplier - supplier of the detail message to be used in the event that a NullPointerException is thrown
Returns:
obj if not null
Throws:
NullPointerException - if obj is null
Since:
1.8

checkIndex
public static int checkIndex
(int index,
 int length)
Checks if the index is within the bounds of the range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).

The index is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:

Parameters:
index - the index
length - the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range
Returns:
index if it is within bounds of the range
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of bounds
Since:
9

checkFromToIndex
public static int checkFromToIndex
(int fromIndex,
 int toIndex,
 int length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to toIndex (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).

The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:

Parameters:
fromIndex - the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-range
toIndex - the upper-bound (exclusive) of the sub-range
length - the upper-bound (exclusive) the range
Returns:
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the sub-range is out of bounds
Since:
9

checkFromIndexSize
public static int checkFromIndexSize
(int fromIndex,
 int size,
 int length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to fromIndex + size (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).

The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:

Parameters:
fromIndex - the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-interval
size - the size of the sub-range
length - the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range
Returns:
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the sub-range is out of bounds
Since:
9

checkIndex
public static long checkIndex
(long index,
 long length)
Checks if the index is within the bounds of the range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).

The index is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:

Parameters:
index - the index
length - the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range
Returns:
index if it is within bounds of the range
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of bounds
Since:
16

checkFromToIndex
public static long checkFromToIndex
(long fromIndex,
 long toIndex,
 long length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to toIndex (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).

The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:

Parameters:
fromIndex - the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-range
toIndex - the upper-bound (exclusive) of the sub-range
length - the upper-bound (exclusive) the range
Returns:
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the sub-range is out of bounds
Since:
16

checkFromIndexSize
public static long checkFromIndexSize
(long fromIndex,
 long size,
 long length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex (inclusive) to fromIndex + size (exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0 (inclusive) to length (exclusive).

The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:

Parameters:
fromIndex - the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-interval
size - the size of the sub-range
length - the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range
Returns:
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the sub-range is out of bounds
Since:
16

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