Class Vector
java.util
java.lang.Object
  java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
      java.util.AbstractList<E>
          java.util.Vector
All Implemented Interfaces:
Cloneable, Collection<E>, Iterable<E>, List<E>, RandomAccess, java.io.Serializable
Direct Known Subclasses:
Stack
public class Vector
extends AbstractList<E>
implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
The Vector class implements a growable array of objects. Like an array, it contains components that can be accessed using an integer index. However, the size of a Vector can grow or shrink as needed to accommodate adding and removing items after the Vector has been created.

Each vector tries to optimize storage management by maintaining a capacity and a capacityIncrement. The capacity is always at least as large as the vector size; it is usually larger because as components are added to the vector, the vector's storage increases in chunks the size of capacityIncrement. An application can increase the capacity of a vector before inserting a large number of components; this reduces the amount of incremental reallocation.

The Iterators returned by Vector's iterator and listIterator methods are fail-fast: if the Vector is structurally modified at any time after the Iterator is created, in any way except through the Iterator's own remove or add methods, the Iterator will throw a ConcurrentModificationException. Thus, in the face of concurrent modification, the Iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the future. The Enumerations returned by Vector's elements method are not fail-fast.

Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast iterators throw ConcurrentModificationException on a best-effort basis. Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this exception for its correctness: the fail-fast behavior of iterators should be used only to detect bugs.

As of the Java 2 platform v1.2, this class was retrofitted to implement the List interface, making it a member of the Java Collections Framework. Unlike the new collection implementations, Vector is synchronized.

Since:
JDK1.0
Version:
1.106, 06/16/06
Author:
Lee Boynton, Jonathan Payne
See Also:
Collection, List, ArrayList, LinkedList
Field Summary
protected int
 capacityIncrement
The amount by which the capacity of the vector is automatically incremented when its size becomes greater than its capacity.
protected int
 elementCount
The number of valid components in this Vector object.
protected Object[]
 elementData
The array buffer into which the components of the vector are stored.
Fields inherited from class java.util.AbstractList
modCount
Constructor Summary
Vector()
Constructs an empty vector so that its internal data array has size 10 and its standard capacity increment is zero.
Vector(int initialCapacity)
Constructs an empty vector with the specified initial capacity and with its capacity increment equal to zero.
Vector(int initialCapacity, int capacityIncrement)
Constructs an empty vector with the specified initial capacity and capacity increment.
Vector(Collection<? extends E> c)
Constructs a vector containing the elements of the specified collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's iterator.
Method Summary
boolean
 add(E e)
Appends the specified element to the end of this Vector.
void
 add(int index, E element)
Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this Vector.
boolean
 addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c)
Inserts all of the elements in the specified Collection into this Vector at the specified position.
boolean
 addAll(Collection<? extends E> c)
Appends all of the elements in the specified Collection to the end of this Vector, in the order that they are returned by the specified Collection's Iterator.
void
 addElement(E obj)
Adds the specified component to the end of this vector, increasing its size by one.
int
 capacity()
Returns the current capacity of this vector.
void
 clear()
Removes all of the elements from this Vector.
Object
 clone()
Returns a clone of this vector.
boolean
 contains(Object o)
Returns true if this vector contains the specified element.
boolean
 containsAll(Collection<?> c)
Returns true if this Vector contains all of the elements in the specified Collection.
void
 copyInto(Object[] anArray)
Copies the components of this vector into the specified array.
E
 elementAt(int index)
Returns the component at the specified index.
Enumeration<E>
 elements()
Returns an enumeration of the components of this vector.
void
 ensureCapacity(int minCapacity)
Increases the capacity of this vector, if necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of components specified by the minimum capacity argument.
boolean
 equals(Object o)
Compares the specified Object with this Vector for equality.
E
 firstElement()
Returns the first component (the item at index 0) of this vector.
E
 get(int index)
Returns the element at the specified position in this Vector.
int
 hashCode()
Returns the hash code value for this Vector.
int
 indexOf(Object o)
Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element.
int
 indexOf(Object o, int index)
Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this vector, searching forwards from index, or returns -1 if the element is not found.
void
 insertElementAt(E obj, int index)
Inserts the specified object as a component in this vector at the specified index.
boolean
 isEmpty()
Tests if this vector has no components.
E
 lastElement()
Returns the last component of the vector.
int
 lastIndexOf(Object o)
Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element.
int
 lastIndexOf(Object o, int index)
Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this vector, searching backwards from index, or returns -1 if the element is not found.
E
 remove(int index)
Removes the element at the specified position in this Vector.
boolean
 remove(Object o)
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this Vector If the Vector does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
boolean
 removeAll(Collection<?> c)
Removes from this Vector all of its elements that are contained in the specified Collection.
void
 removeAllElements()
Removes all components from this vector and sets its size to zero.
boolean
 removeElement(Object obj)
Removes the first (lowest-indexed) occurrence of the argument from this vector.
void
 removeElementAt(int index)
Deletes the component at the specified index.
protected void
 removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Removes from this List all of the elements whose index is between fromIndex, inclusive and toIndex, exclusive.
boolean
 retainAll(Collection<?> c)
Retains only the elements in this Vector that are contained in the specified Collection.
E
 set(int index, E element)
Replaces the element at the specified position in this Vector with the specified element.
void
 setElementAt(E obj, int index)
Sets the component at the specified index of this vector to be the specified object.
void
 setSize(int newSize)
Sets the size of this vector.
int
 size()
Returns the number of components in this vector.
List<E>
 subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Returns a view of the portion of this List between fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive.
Object[]
 toArray()
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this Vector in the correct order.
T[]
 toArray(T[] a)
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this Vector in the correct order; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array.
String
 toString()
Returns a string representation of this Vector, containing the String representation of each element.
void
 trimToSize()
Trims the capacity of this vector to be the vector's current size.
Methods inherited from class java.util.AbstractList
iterator, listIterator, listIterator
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait
Field Detail
elementData
protected Object[] elementData
The array buffer into which the components of the vector are stored. The capacity of the vector is the length of this array buffer, and is at least large enough to contain all the vector's elements.

Any array elements following the last element in the Vector are null.

elementCount
protected int elementCount
The number of valid components in this Vector object. Components elementData[0] through elementData[elementCount-1] are the actual items.
capacityIncrement
protected int capacityIncrement
The amount by which the capacity of the vector is automatically incremented when its size becomes greater than its capacity. If the capacity increment is less than or equal to zero, the capacity of the vector is doubled each time it needs to grow.
Constructor Detail
Vector
public Vector(int initialCapacity,
              int capacityIncrement)
Constructs an empty vector with the specified initial capacity and capacity increment.
Parameters:
initialCapacity - the initial capacity of the vector
capacityIncrement - the amount by which the capacity is increased when the vector overflows
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the specified initial capacity is negative
Vector
public Vector(int initialCapacity)
Constructs an empty vector with the specified initial capacity and with its capacity increment equal to zero.
Parameters:
initialCapacity - the initial capacity of the vector
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the specified initial capacity is negative
Vector
public Vector()
Constructs an empty vector so that its internal data array has size 10 and its standard capacity increment is zero.
Vector
public Vector(Collection<? extends E> c)
Constructs a vector containing the elements of the specified collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's iterator.
Parameters:
c - the collection whose elements are to be placed into this vector
Throws:
NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
Since:
1.2
Method Detail
copyInto
public synchronized void copyInto(Object[] anArray)
Copies the components of this vector into the specified array. The item at index k in this vector is copied into component k of anArray.
Parameters:
anArray - the array into which the components get copied
Throws:
NullPointerException - if the given array is null
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the specified array is not large enough to hold all the components of this vector
ArrayStoreException - if a component of this vector is not of a runtime type that can be stored in the specified array
See Also:
trimToSize
public synchronized void trimToSize()
Trims the capacity of this vector to be the vector's current size. If the capacity of this vector is larger than its current size, then the capacity is changed to equal the size by replacing its internal data array, kept in the field elementData, with a smaller one. An application can use this operation to minimize the storage of a vector.
ensureCapacity
public synchronized void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity)
Increases the capacity of this vector, if necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of components specified by the minimum capacity argument.

If the current capacity of this vector is less than minCapacity, then its capacity is increased by replacing its internal data array, kept in the field elementData, with a larger one. The size of the new data array will be the old size plus capacityIncrement, unless the value of capacityIncrement is less than or equal to zero, in which case the new capacity will be twice the old capacity; but if this new size is still smaller than minCapacity, then the new capacity will be minCapacity.

Parameters:
minCapacity - the desired minimum capacity
setSize
public synchronized void setSize(int newSize)
Sets the size of this vector. If the new size is greater than the current size, new null items are added to the end of the vector. If the new size is less than the current size, all components at index newSize and greater are discarded.
Parameters:
newSize - the new size of this vector
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the new size is negative
capacity
public synchronized int capacity()
Returns the current capacity of this vector.
Returns:
the current capacity (the length of its internal data array, kept in the field elementData of this vector)
size
public synchronized int size()
Returns the number of components in this vector.
Specified by:
size in interface Collection
size in interface List
Overrides:
Returns:
the number of components in this vector
isEmpty
public synchronized boolean isEmpty()
Tests if this vector has no components.
Specified by:
isEmpty in interface Collection
isEmpty in interface List
Overrides:
Returns:
true if and only if this vector has no components, that is, its size is zero; false otherwise.
elements
public Enumeration<E> elements()
Returns an enumeration of the components of this vector. The returned Enumeration object will generate all items in this vector. The first item generated is the item at index 0, then the item at index 1, and so on.
Returns:
an enumeration of the components of this vector
See Also:
contains
public boolean contains(Object o)
Returns true if this vector contains the specified element. More formally, returns true if and only if this vector contains at least one element e such that (o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e)).
Specified by:
contains in interface Collection
contains in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
o - element whose presence in this vector is to be tested
Returns:
true if this vector contains the specified element
indexOf
public int indexOf(Object o)
Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element. More formally, returns the lowest index i such that (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))), or -1 if there is no such index.
Specified by:
indexOf in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
o - element to search for
Returns:
the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element
indexOf
public synchronized int indexOf(Object o,
                                int index)
Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this vector, searching forwards from index, or returns -1 if the element is not found. More formally, returns the lowest index i such that (i >= index && (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i)))), or -1 if there is no such index.
Parameters:
o - element to search for
index - index to start searching from
Returns:
the index of the first occurrence of the element in this vector at position index or later in the vector; -1 if the element is not found.
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the specified index is negative
See Also:
lastIndexOf
public synchronized int lastIndexOf(Object o)
Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element. More formally, returns the highest index i such that (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))), or -1 if there is no such index.
Specified by:
lastIndexOf in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
o - element to search for
Returns:
the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element
lastIndexOf
public synchronized int lastIndexOf(Object o,
                                    int index)
Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this vector, searching backwards from index, or returns -1 if the element is not found. More formally, returns the highest index i such that (i <= index && (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i)))), or -1 if there is no such index.
Parameters:
o - element to search for
index - index to start searching backwards from
Returns:
the index of the last occurrence of the element at position less than or equal to index in this vector; -1 if the element is not found.
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the specified index is greater than or equal to the current size of this vector
elementAt
public synchronized E elementAt(int index)
Returns the component at the specified index.

This method is identical in functionality to the get(int) method (which is part of the List interface).

Parameters:
index - an index into this vector
Returns:
the component at the specified index
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index >= size())
firstElement
public synchronized E firstElement()
Returns the first component (the item at index 0) of this vector.
Returns:
the first component of this vector
Throws:
NoSuchElementException - if this vector has no components
lastElement
public synchronized E lastElement()
Returns the last component of the vector.
Returns:
the last component of the vector, i.e., the component at index size() - 1.
Throws:
NoSuchElementException - if this vector is empty
setElementAt
public synchronized void setElementAt(E obj,
                                      int index)
Sets the component at the specified index of this vector to be the specified object. The previous component at that position is discarded.

The index must be a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than the current size of the vector.

This method is identical in functionality to the set(int, E) method (which is part of the List interface). Note that the set method reverses the order of the parameters, to more closely match array usage. Note also that the set method returns the old value that was stored at the specified position.

Parameters:
obj - what the component is to be set to
index - the specified index
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index >= size())
removeElementAt
public synchronized void removeElementAt(int index)
Deletes the component at the specified index. Each component in this vector with an index greater or equal to the specified index is shifted downward to have an index one smaller than the value it had previously. The size of this vector is decreased by 1.

The index must be a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than the current size of the vector.

This method is identical in functionality to the remove(int) method (which is part of the List interface). Note that the remove method returns the old value that was stored at the specified position.

Parameters:
index - the index of the object to remove
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index >= size())
insertElementAt
public synchronized void insertElementAt(E obj,
                                         int index)
Inserts the specified object as a component in this vector at the specified index. Each component in this vector with an index greater or equal to the specified index is shifted upward to have an index one greater than the value it had previously.

The index must be a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the current size of the vector. (If the index is equal to the current size of the vector, the new element is appended to the Vector.)

This method is identical in functionality to the add(int, E) method (which is part of the List interface). Note that the add method reverses the order of the parameters, to more closely match array usage.

Parameters:
obj - the component to insert
index - where to insert the new component
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index > size())
addElement
public synchronized void addElement(E obj)
Adds the specified component to the end of this vector, increasing its size by one. The capacity of this vector is increased if its size becomes greater than its capacity.

This method is identical in functionality to the add(E) method (which is part of the List interface).

Parameters:
obj - the component to be added
removeElement
public synchronized boolean removeElement(Object obj)
Removes the first (lowest-indexed) occurrence of the argument from this vector. If the object is found in this vector, each component in the vector with an index greater or equal to the object's index is shifted downward to have an index one smaller than the value it had previously.

This method is identical in functionality to the remove(Object) method (which is part of the List interface).

Parameters:
obj - the component to be removed
Returns:
true if the argument was a component of this vector; false otherwise.
removeAllElements
public synchronized void removeAllElements()
Removes all components from this vector and sets its size to zero.

This method is identical in functionality to the clear() method (which is part of the List interface).

clone
public synchronized Object clone()
Returns a clone of this vector. The copy will contain a reference to a clone of the internal data array, not a reference to the original internal data array of this Vector object.
Overrides:
clone in class Object
Returns:
a clone of this vector
toArray
public synchronized Object[] toArray()
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this Vector in the correct order.
Specified by:
toArray in interface Collection
toArray in interface List
Overrides:
Returns:
an array containing all of the elements in this collection
Since:
1.2
toArray
public synchronized T[] toArray(T[] a)
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this Vector in the correct order; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the Vector fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this Vector.

If the Vector fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more elements than the Vector), the element in the array immediately following the end of the Vector is set to null. (This is useful in determining the length of the Vector only if the caller knows that the Vector does not contain any null elements.)

Specified by:
toArray in interface Collection
toArray in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
a - the array into which the elements of the Vector are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same runtime type is allocated for this purpose.
Returns:
an array containing the elements of the Vector
Throws:
ArrayStoreException - if the runtime type of a is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this Vector
NullPointerException - if the given array is null
Since:
1.2
get
public synchronized E get(int index)
Returns the element at the specified position in this Vector.
Specified by:
get in interface List
Overrides:
get in class AbstractList
Parameters:
index - index of the element to return
Returns:
object at the specified index
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index >= size())
Since:
1.2
set
public synchronized E set(int index,
                          E element)
Replaces the element at the specified position in this Vector with the specified element.
Specified by:
set in interface List
Overrides:
set in class AbstractList
Parameters:
index - index of the element to replace
element - element to be stored at the specified position
Returns:
the element previously at the specified position
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index >= size())
Since:
1.2
add
public synchronized boolean add(E e)
Appends the specified element to the end of this Vector.
Specified by:
add in interface Collection
add in interface List
Overrides:
add in class AbstractList
Parameters:
e - element to be appended to this Vector
Returns:
true (as specified by Collection.add())
Since:
1.2
remove
public boolean remove(Object o)
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this Vector If the Vector does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the element with the lowest index i such that (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))) (if such an element exists).
Specified by:
remove in interface Collection
remove in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
o - element to be removed from this Vector, if present
Returns:
true if the Vector contained the specified element
Since:
1.2
add
public void add(int index,
                E element)
Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this Vector. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
Specified by:
add in interface List
Overrides:
add in class AbstractList
Parameters:
index - index at which the specified element is to be inserted
element - element to be inserted
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index > size())
Since:
1.2
remove
public synchronized E remove(int index)
Removes the element at the specified position in this Vector. Shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their indices). Returns the element that was removed from the Vector.
Specified by:
remove in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
index - the index of the element to be removed
Returns:
element that was removed
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index >= size())
Since:
1.2
clear
public void clear()
Removes all of the elements from this Vector. The Vector will be empty after this call returns (unless it throws an exception).
Specified by:
clear in interface Collection
clear in interface List
Overrides:
Since:
1.2
containsAll
public synchronized boolean containsAll(Collection<?> c)
Returns true if this Vector contains all of the elements in the specified Collection.
Specified by:
containsAll in interface Collection
containsAll in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
c - a collection whose elements will be tested for containment in this Vector
Returns:
true if this Vector contains all of the elements in the specified collection
Throws:
NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
addAll
public synchronized boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c)
Appends all of the elements in the specified Collection to the end of this Vector, in the order that they are returned by the specified Collection's Iterator. The behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified Collection is modified while the operation is in progress. (This implies that the behavior of this call is undefined if the specified Collection is this Vector, and this Vector is nonempty.)
Specified by:
addAll in interface Collection
addAll in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
c - elements to be inserted into this Vector
Returns:
true if this Vector changed as a result of the call
Throws:
NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
Since:
1.2
removeAll
public synchronized boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c)
Removes from this Vector all of its elements that are contained in the specified Collection.
Specified by:
removeAll in interface Collection
removeAll in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
c - a collection of elements to be removed from the Vector
Returns:
true if this Vector changed as a result of the call
Throws:
ClassCastException - if the types of one or more elements in this vector are incompatible with the specified collection (optional)
NullPointerException - if this vector contains one or more null elements and the specified collection does not support null elements (optional), or if the specified collection is null
Since:
1.2
retainAll
public synchronized boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c)
Retains only the elements in this Vector that are contained in the specified Collection. In other words, removes from this Vector all of its elements that are not contained in the specified Collection.
Specified by:
retainAll in interface Collection
retainAll in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
c - a collection of elements to be retained in this Vector (all other elements are removed)
Returns:
true if this Vector changed as a result of the call
Throws:
ClassCastException - if the types of one or more elements in this vector are incompatible with the specified collection (optional)
NullPointerException - if this vector contains one or more null elements and the specified collection does not support null elements (optional), or if the specified collection is null
Since:
1.2
addAll
public synchronized boolean addAll(int index,
                                   Collection<? extends E> c)
Inserts all of the elements in the specified Collection into this Vector at the specified position. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to the right (increases their indices). The new elements will appear in the Vector in the order that they are returned by the specified Collection's iterator.
Specified by:
addAll in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
index - index at which to insert the first element from the specified collection
c - elements to be inserted into this Vector
Returns:
true if this Vector changed as a result of the call
Throws:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index is out of range (index < 0 || index > size())
NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
Since:
1.2
equals
public synchronized boolean equals(Object o)
Compares the specified Object with this Vector for equality. Returns true if and only if the specified Object is also a List, both Lists have the same size, and all corresponding pairs of elements in the two Lists are equal. (Two elements e1 and e2 are equal if (e1==null ? e2==null : e1.equals(e2)).) In other words, two Lists are defined to be equal if they contain the same elements in the same order.
Specified by:
equals in interface Collection
equals in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
o - the Object to be compared for equality with this Vector
Returns:
true if the specified Object is equal to this Vector
hashCode
public synchronized int hashCode()
Returns the hash code value for this Vector.
Specified by:
hashCode in interface Collection
hashCode in interface List
Overrides:
Returns:
the hash code value for this collection
toString
public synchronized String toString()
Returns a string representation of this Vector, containing the String representation of each element.
Overrides:
Returns:
a string representation of the object.
subList
public synchronized List<E> subList(int fromIndex,
                                    int toIndex)
Returns a view of the portion of this List between fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive. (If fromIndex and toIndex are equal, the returned List is empty.) The returned List is backed by this List, so changes in the returned List are reflected in this List, and vice-versa. The returned List supports all of the optional List operations supported by this List.

This method eliminates the need for explicit range operations (of the sort that commonly exist for arrays). Any operation that expects a List can be used as a range operation by operating on a subList view instead of a whole List. For example, the following idiom removes a range of elements from a List: 

	    list.subList(from, to).clear();
Similar idioms may be constructed for indexOf and lastIndexOf, and all of the algorithms in the Collections class can be applied to a subList.

The semantics of the List returned by this method become undefined if the backing list (i.e., this List) is structurally modified in any way other than via the returned List. (Structural modifications are those that change the size of the List, or otherwise perturb it in such a fashion that iterations in progress may yield incorrect results.)

Specified by:
subList in interface List
Overrides:
Parameters:
fromIndex - low endpoint (inclusive) of the subList
toIndex - high endpoint (exclusive) of the subList
Returns:
a view of the specified range within this List
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException - if an endpoint index value is out of range (fromIndex < 0 || toIndex > size)
IllegalArgumentException - if the endpoint indices are out of order (fromIndex > toIndex)
removeRange
protected synchronized void removeRange(int fromIndex,
                                        int toIndex)
Removes from this List all of the elements whose index is between fromIndex, inclusive and toIndex, exclusive. Shifts any succeeding elements to the left (reduces their index). This call shortens the ArrayList by (toIndex - fromIndex) elements. (If toIndex==fromIndex, this operation has no effect.)
Overrides:
Parameters:
fromIndex - index of first element to be removed
toIndex - index after last element to be removed
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